大型航天模型的設(shè)計與制造中，如何進(jìn)一步提高參數(shù)化建模方法的準(zhǔn)確性和效率？

　　How to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of parametric modeling methods in the design and manufacturing of large-scale aerospace models?

　　在大型航天模型的設(shè)計與制造中，提高參數(shù)化建模方法的準(zhǔn)確性和效率至關(guān)重要。以下將從多個方面進(jìn)行闡述。

　　Improving the accuracy and efficiency of parametric modeling methods is crucial in the design and manufacturing of large-scale aerospace models. The following will elaborate from multiple aspects.

　　一、充分利用細(xì)分迭代算法

　　1、 Fully utilize the subdivision iteration algorithm

　　在提高參數(shù)化建模準(zhǔn)確性方面，可以借鑒 “Improvement of the Pointing Accuracy of Shipborne Optical Measuring Equipment Based on a Subdivision Iteration Algorithm” 中提到的細(xì)分迭代算法。該算法通過建立參數(shù)化模型，能夠校正船舶姿態(tài)坐標(biāo)變換序列的誤差以及多個誤差源耦合引起的系統(tǒng)誤差，從而提高船舶上空間測量設(shè)備的指向精度。在大型航天模型設(shè)計中，可以考慮類似的算法來處理模型中的各種誤差，以提高建模的準(zhǔn)確性。例如，對于模型中的幾何形狀誤差、尺寸誤差等，可以通過建立參數(shù)化的誤差模型，并利用細(xì)分迭代算法進(jìn)行校正。這樣可以在建模過程中不斷優(yōu)化模型的準(zhǔn)確性，使得最終的模型更加符合實際需求。

　　In terms of improving the accuracy of parametric modeling, we can refer to the subdivision iteration algorithm mentioned in "Improvement of the Pointing Accuracy of Shipborne Optical Measuring Equipment Based on a Subdivision Iteration Algorithm". This algorithm can correct errors in the transformation sequence of ship attitude coordinates and system errors caused by the coupling of multiple error sources by establishing a parameterized model, thereby improving the pointing accuracy of spatial measurement equipment on ships. In the design of large-scale aerospace models, similar algorithms can be considered to handle various errors in the model to improve modeling accuracy. For example, for geometric shape errors, dimensional errors, etc. in the model, a parameterized error model can be established and corrected using subdivision iterative algorithms. This can continuously optimize the accuracy of the model during the modeling process, making the final model more in line with practical needs.

　　二、采用參數(shù)化降階模型（PROM）

　　2、 Adopting a Parameterized Reduced Order Model (PROM)

　　“Efficiency Enhancement of Aeroelastic Optimization Process Using Parametric Reduced-Order Modeling” 中提到了參數(shù)化降階模型（PROM）在氣動彈性優(yōu)化中的應(yīng)用。在大型航天模型設(shè)計與制造中，可以考慮采用 PROM 來提高建模效率。PROM 能夠在不損失準(zhǔn)確性的前提下，降低模型的復(fù)雜度，從而減少計算時間。例如，在對航天模型進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析時，可以利用 PROM 對復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行簡化，同時保留關(guān)鍵的力學(xué)特性。這樣可以在保證分析準(zhǔn)確性的同時，大大提高計算效率。

　　“Efficiency Enhancement of Aeroelastic Optimization Process Using Parametric Reduced-Order Modeling”  The application of parameterized reduced order model (PROM) in aeroelastic optimization was mentioned. In the design and manufacturing of large-scale aerospace models, PROM can be considered to improve modeling efficiency. PROM can reduce the complexity of the model without sacrificing accuracy, thereby reducing computation time. For example, when conducting structural analysis on aerospace models, PROM can be used to simplify complex structures while retaining key mechanical properties. This can greatly improve computational efficiency while ensuring analysis accuracy.

　　三、開發(fā)面向大型客機(jī)概念設(shè)計的參數(shù)化 CAD 模型快速生成軟件

　　3、 Develop a parameterized CAD model rapid generation software for conceptual design of large passenger aircraft

　　“大型客機(jī)概念設(shè)計的外形參數(shù)化 CAD 模型” 中研究出了一種針對大型客機(jī) CAD 模型的外形參數(shù)化方法，并開發(fā)了一個面向大型客機(jī)概念設(shè)計的參數(shù)化 CAD 模型快速生成的軟件。在大型航天模型設(shè)計中，可以借鑒這種方法，開發(fā)專門的參數(shù)化建模軟件。通過軟件的自動化生成功能，可以減少人工操作的錯誤，提高建模的準(zhǔn)確性和效率。例如，可以利用軟件中的參數(shù)化建模工具，快速生成航天模型的各個部件，如機(jī)身、機(jī)翼、發(fā)動機(jī)等。同時，軟件還可以提供精度測試功能，確保生成的模型滿足設(shè)計要求。

　　A parametric CAD model for the conceptual design of large passenger aircraft has been developed, and a software for rapid generation of parametric CAD models for large passenger aircraft conceptual design has been developed. In the design of large-scale aerospace models, this method can be used as a reference to develop specialized parametric modeling software. Through the automated generation function of software, errors in manual operations can be reduced, and the accuracy and efficiency of modeling can be improved. For example, parametric modeling tools in software can be used to quickly generate various components of aerospace models, such as the fuselage, wings, engines, etc. At the same time, the software can also provide precision testing functionality to ensure that the generated model meets design requirements.

　　四、探索組件化、參數(shù)化建模技術(shù)路線

　　4、 Explore the technological roadmap of componentization and parametric modeling

　　“數(shù)字衛(wèi)星模型研制流程與建模方法研究” 提出了組件化、參數(shù)化建模技術(shù)路線和數(shù)字衛(wèi)星模型接口與開發(fā)要求。在大型航天模型設(shè)計中，可以采用組件化的設(shè)計思想，將模型分解為多個獨(dú)立的組件，每個組件都采用參數(shù)化建模方法進(jìn)行設(shè)計。這樣可以提高模型的可維護(hù)性和可擴(kuò)展性，同時也便于團(tuán)隊協(xié)作。例如，在設(shè)計大型航天飛行器時，可以將飛行器分解為機(jī)身、機(jī)翼、發(fā)動機(jī)等組件，每個組件都有自己的參數(shù)化模型。當(dāng)需要對某個組件進(jìn)行修改時，只需要修改該組件的參數(shù)化模型，而不會影響其他組件。

　　The research on the development process and modeling methods of digital satellite models proposes a modular and parametric modeling technology roadmap, as well as requirements for the interface and development of digital satellite models. In the design of large-scale aerospace models, the modular design concept can be adopted, decomposing the model into multiple independent components, each of which is designed using parametric modeling methods. This can improve the maintainability and scalability of the model, while also facilitating team collaboration. For example, when designing a large spacecraft, the aircraft can be decomposed into components such as the fuselage, wings, and engines, each with its own parameterized model. When it is necessary to modify a component, only the parameterized model of that component needs to be modified without affecting other components.

　　五、建立可復(fù)用的參數(shù)化模型

　　5、 Establish a reusable parameterized model

　　“基于 UAF 的載人航天體系框架設(shè)計與建?！?中設(shè)計了可復(fù)用的參數(shù)化模型，增強(qiáng)了體系集成程度。在大型航天模型設(shè)計中，也可以建立可復(fù)用的參數(shù)化模型。通過對不同類型的航天模型進(jìn)行分析，提取出通用的參數(shù)和結(jié)構(gòu)，建立可復(fù)用的參數(shù)化模型庫。這樣在設(shè)計新的模型時，可以直接從模型庫中調(diào)用合適的參數(shù)化模型，進(jìn)行修改和優(yōu)化，從而提高建模效率。例如，對于不同類型的衛(wèi)星模型，可以建立一個通用的衛(wèi)星參數(shù)化模型庫，包括不同形狀的衛(wèi)星主體、太陽能電池板、通信天線等組件的參數(shù)化模型。當(dāng)需要設(shè)計新的衛(wèi)星模型時，可以從模型庫中選擇合適的組件模型，進(jìn)行組合和優(yōu)化。

　　A reusable parametric model has been designed in the framework design and modeling of manned spaceflight system based on UAF, enhancing the degree of system integration. In the design of large-scale aerospace models, reusable parameterized models can also be established. By analyzing different types of aerospace models, universal parameters and structures are extracted, and a reusable parameterized model library is established. In this way, when designing a new model, you can directly call the appropriate parametric model from the model library to modify and optimize, thus improving the modeling efficiency. For example, a universal satellite parametric model library can be established for different types of satellite models, including parametric models of satellite bodies of different shapes, solar panels, communication antennas, and other components. When designing a new satellite model, suitable component models can be selected from the model library for combination and optimization.

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